Kepler's 3 Laws of Planetary Motion

Kepler's 1st Law: The planets orbit the sun in elliptical orbits with the sun at the focal point. This means that the planets rotate the sun in a shape that resembles an oval. Unlike what most people think, their paths are not circular.

 Kepler's 2nd Law: The line connecting a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal amounts of time. A planet may cover more distance on the perimeter of its orbit, but if you were to construct a wedge using the beginning and ending points, the area covered would be the same.

 

Kepler's 3rd Law:  The time required for a planet to orbit the sun (the period) is proportional to the long axis of the ellipse raised to the 3/2 power, the constant of proportionality is the same for all the planets. In mathematical terms, the Orbital Period= (Long Axis)^3/2.